Ethnobotany in Iturbide, Nuevo León: The Traditional Knowledge on Plants Used in the Semiarid Mountains of Northeastern Mexico

Iturbide is in the northeast of Mexico and has a rich native exotic flora; however, there are no ethnobotanical records, therefore, it requires attention documentation traditional knowledge practices its botanical resources. In 2021, twelve field trips were carried out, applying 110 semi-structured interviews. Plant samples collected, identified deposited an herbarium. We used Chi-square test to compare anthropocentric categories concerning others reported Mexico. To determine cultural importance, three indices applied (UVI, ICF FL). recorded 250 species with implications associated 121 genera 83 families, including 140 species. The most common plant families Asteraceae, Lamiaceae Fabaceae. main uses were: ornamental, medicinal food. highest UVI values Lepidium peruvianum, Ocimum basilicum Salvia rosamrinus. multifunctionality flora demonstrates extensive For example, role ornamental plants, direct impact on human well-being, resilience healers inhabitants by using different for treatment various ailments or indigenous edible plants daily diet.